Kallestiyes Phonology: Difference between revisions

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=== Consonants ===
=== Consonants ===
The following consonant inventory has a regular size, but those phonemes are rarely present in occidental human languages.
The following consonant inventory has a regular size, but this collection of phoneme is really uncommon in existing human languages.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|
!
|Labials
!Dentals
|Dentals
!Alveolars
|Alveolars
!Postalveolars
|Postalveolars
!Palatals
|Palatals
!Velars
|Velars
!Uvular
|Glottals
!Glottals
|-
|-
|Plosives
!Plosives
|p b
|
|
|t d
|t d
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|k g
|k g
|
|
|ʔ
|-
|-
|Nasals
!Nasals
|m
|
|
|n
|n
|
|
|ɲ
|ŋ
|
|
|ŋ
|
|
|-
|-
|Fricatives
!Fricatives
|θ ð
|s z
|ʃ ʒ
|
|
|θ
ð
|s z
|ʃ
ʒ
|
|
|ʍ
|χ ʁ
|h
|h
|-
|-
|Liquids
!Liquids
|
|
|
|l
|l
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|j
|j
|w
|w
|
|
|
|}
|}
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The reduced set of vowels is mostly caused by the primitive nature of the [[Kastelar civilisation]].
The reduced set of vowels is mostly caused by the primitive nature of the [[Kastelar civilisation]].
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|
!
|Short
!Unrounded
|Long
!Rounded
|-
|-
|High
!High
|i
|i (ː)
|
|y (ː)
|-
|-
|Mid
!Mid
|e
|ɛ (ː)
|
|
|-
|Low
|a
|aː
|}
|}
=== Vowel Combinations ===
A Vowel combination is mix of 2 vowels. In Kallestiyes Phonology, it is considered as only one vowel.
Here are they : [ai]; [ia]; [ei]; [aːi]; [ea]; [ae]; [aːe]


== Phonotactics ==
== Phonotactics ==
The Kallestiyes uses the following syllabic structure: ''(C)(C)V(C)(C)'' with ''C'' for consonants and ''V'' for vowels. The onset can be all the consonants previously shown, the nucleus is made with any vowels and the coda must be a consonant as well but not [j], [ʍ] or [w].
The Kallestiyes uses the following syllabic structure: ''(C)(C)V(C)(C)'' with ''C'' for consonants and ''V'' for vowels. The onset can be all the consonants previously shown, the nucleus is made with any vowels and the coda must be a consonant as well but not [h] and [ʔ]


As a reminder, in the Kallestiyes sylabic structure, the first (C)(C) is optionnal and is the onset, V is the nucleus and must present and the last (C)(C) is the coda which is also optionnal.
As a reminder, in the Kallestiyes sylabic structure, the first (C)(C) is optionnal and is the onset, V is the nucleus and must present and the last (C)(C) is the coda which is also optionnal.


There is a rule for the combination of two consonants in a onset and also in a coda.
=== Onset Combinations ===
 
* Coda: The allowed clusters coda that are allowed are : [ks], [sk], [gz], [ts], [st], [ŋg], [ŋk], [wn], [wk], [jn].
 
* Onset: The allowed clusters onset that are allowed are : [kn], [km], [ks], [sk], [gz], [ts], [st], [sn], [sm].
 
== Spelling ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
!Alternate Spelling
!
!Spelling
! colspan="13" |Second
!Phoneme
|-
!First
!'''t'''
!'''d'''
!'''k'''
!n
!'''g'''
!'''s'''
!'''z'''
!'''ʃ'''
!'''ʒ'''
!'''χ'''
!'''ʁ'''
!'''l'''
!'''j'''
|-
!'''t'''
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
|•
| -
|•
|-
!'''d'''
| -
| -
| -
| •
| •
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
|-
!'''k'''
|•
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
| -
|•
|•
|•
|-
!'''g'''
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|•
|•
|•
|-
!'''s'''
|•
| -
|•
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
|•
|•
|-
!'''z'''
| -
|•
| -
|•
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
|•
|•
|-
!'''ʃ'''
|•
| -
|•
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
|-
!'''ʒ'''
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
|•
|•
|-
|-
|
!'''ʁ'''
|f
| -
|θ
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
|-
!'''l'''
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
|}
 
=== Coda Combinations ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
! colspan="9" |Second
|-
|-
|
!First
|v
!'''t'''
|ð
!'''d'''
!'''k'''
!n
!'''g'''
!'''s'''
!'''z'''
!'''ʃ'''
!'''ʒ'''
|-
|-
|
!'''t'''
|hs
| -
|ʃ
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|-
|-
|
!'''d'''
|r
| -
|ʒ
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
|-
|-
|
!'''k'''
|y
|•
|j
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
| -
|-
|-
|
!n
|ng
|•
|ŋ
|•
|~ŋk
| -
|~ŋg
|•
|•
|•
|•
|-
|-
|
!'''g'''
|rw
| -
|ʍ
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|•
| -
|•
|-
|-
|
!'''s'''
|aa
|•
|aː
| -
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|-
|-
|ll
!'''z'''
|l
| -
|l
|•
| -
| -
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
|-
|-
|tt
!'''ʃ'''
|t
|•
|t
| -
|•
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
| -
|-
|-
|gg
!'''ʁ'''
|g
|•
|g
|•
|•
|•
|•
|•
|•
|•
|•
|-
|-
|nn
!'''l'''
|n
| •
|n
| •
| •
|•
| •
| •
| -
| •
| •
|-
|-
|mm
!'''j'''
|m
| •
|m
| •
| •
|•
| •
| •
| •
| •
| •
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 12:46, 8 March 2023

Kallestiyes phonology is thought to be uncommon and relatively exotic compared to existing human languages.

Phonemes

The tables below show all the phonemes used in the kallestiyes language.

Consonants

The following consonant inventory has a regular size, but this collection of phoneme is really uncommon in existing human languages.

Dentals Alveolars Postalveolars Palatals Velars Uvular Glottals
Plosives t d k g ʔ
Nasals n ɲ ŋ
Fricatives θ ð s z ʃ ʒ χ ʁ h
Liquids l j w

Vowels

The reduced set of vowels is mostly caused by the primitive nature of the Kastelar civilisation.

Unrounded Rounded
High i (ː) y (ː)
Mid ɛ (ː)

Phonotactics

The Kallestiyes uses the following syllabic structure: (C)(C)V(C)(C) with C for consonants and V for vowels. The onset can be all the consonants previously shown, the nucleus is made with any vowels and the coda must be a consonant as well but not [h] and [ʔ]

As a reminder, in the Kallestiyes sylabic structure, the first (C)(C) is optionnal and is the onset, V is the nucleus and must present and the last (C)(C) is the coda which is also optionnal.

Onset Combinations

Second
First t d k n g s z ʃ ʒ χ ʁ l j
t - - - • - • - • - • • - •
d - - - • • - • - • - • - •
k • - - • - • - • - - • • •
g - - - • - - • - • - • • •
s • - • • - - - - - - • • •
z - • - • • - - - - - • • •
ʃ • - • • - - - - - - • - •
ʒ - - - • - - - - - - • • •
ʁ - - - - - - - - - - - - •
l - - - - - - - - - - - - •

Coda Combinations

Second
First t d k n g s z ʃ ʒ
t - - - - - • - • -
d - - - - - - • - •
k • - - - - • - • -
n • • ~ŋk - ~ŋg • • • •
g - - - - - - • - •
s • - • - - - - - -
z - • - - • - - - -
ʃ • - • - - - - - -
ʁ • • • • • • • • •
l • • • • • • - • •
j • • • • • • • • •
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